See reciprocity on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ethic of reciprocity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "quadratic reciprocity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reciprocity principle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "réciprocité"
},
"expansion": "French réciprocité",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French réciprocité.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reciprocities",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "reciprocity (countable and uncountable, plural reciprocities)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reciprocality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reciprocate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reciprocating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reciprocatory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reciprocitarian"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "In a friendship, reciprocity occurs where the contribution of each party meets the expectations of the other party.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 111–112:",
"text": "There might be benefit on one side, and obligation on the other; but their reciprocity of affection, their mutual exchange of small kindnesses—those strongest rivets of common attachment—were no more.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The characteristic of being reciprocal, e.g. of a relationship between people."
],
"id": "en-reciprocity-en-noun-35jYC6xq",
"links": [
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic"
],
[
"reciprocal",
"reciprocal"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vzaimnost",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "взаимност"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocitat"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "duìděng",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "对等"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocita"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "wederkerigheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "vastavuoroisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "réciprocité"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gegenseitigkeit"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Reziprozität"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Umkehrbarkeit"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "amoivaiótita",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αμοιβαιότητα"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hadadiut",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "הֲדָדִיּוּת"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "kesalingan"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "resiprositas"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "timbal balik"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "savitarpis"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "kesalingan"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "ketimbalbalikan"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjensidighet"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vzaímnostʹ",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "взаи́мность"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "rezip"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A reciprocal relationship."
],
"id": "en-reciprocity-en-noun-lJcUXNI5",
"links": [
[
"reciprocal",
"reciprocal"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A relation of mutual dependence or action or influence."
],
"id": "en-reciprocity-en-noun-StGXiwJp",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 4 47 23 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 4 63 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 5 53 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 3 50 23 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 7 7 41 21 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 5 7 43 22 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 10 42 19 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 7 49 21 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 4 7 47 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 6 48 21 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 7 43 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 6 48 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 11 44 20 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 9 46 18 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 4 11 42 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 4 11 42 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 10 42 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 9 43 24 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 8 41 19 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 4 7 47 18 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 52 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 5 51 21 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 47 23 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A reciprocal construction involves two noun phrases where each of the participants occupies both the role of agent and patient with respect to the other. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocal pronoun."
],
"id": "en-reciprocity-en-noun-GD2OiBQn",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"noun phrases",
"noun phrases"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A reciprocal construction involves two noun phrases where each of the participants occupies both the role of agent and patient with respect to the other. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocal pronoun."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "International law",
"orig": "en:International law",
"parents": [
"Law",
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The mutual exchange of rights, privileges or obligations between nations. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocity (international relations)."
],
"id": "en-reciprocity-en-noun-IKDB3fuD",
"links": [
[
"international law",
"international law"
],
[
"mutual",
"mutual"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"right",
"right"
],
[
"privilege",
"privilege"
],
[
"obligation",
"obligation"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
]
],
"qualifier": "international law",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international law) The mutual exchange of rights, privileges or obligations between nations. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocity (international relations)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Psychology",
"orig": "en:Psychology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The responses of individuals to the actions of others."
],
"id": "en-reciprocity-en-noun-Qi0hGaB7",
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"response",
"response"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
],
[
"action",
"action"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) The responses of individuals to the actions of others."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌrɛsəˈprɑsəti/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reciprocity"
],
"word": "reciprocity"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ethic of reciprocity"
},
{
"word": "quadratic reciprocity"
},
{
"word": "reciprocity principle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "réciprocité"
},
"expansion": "French réciprocité",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French réciprocité.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reciprocities",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "reciprocity (countable and uncountable, plural reciprocities)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "reciprocality"
},
{
"word": "reciprocate"
},
{
"word": "reciprocating"
},
{
"word": "reciprocatory"
},
{
"word": "reciprocitarian"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "In a friendship, reciprocity occurs where the contribution of each party meets the expectations of the other party.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 111–112:",
"text": "There might be benefit on one side, and obligation on the other; but their reciprocity of affection, their mutual exchange of small kindnesses—those strongest rivets of common attachment—were no more.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The characteristic of being reciprocal, e.g. of a relationship between people."
],
"links": [
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic"
],
[
"reciprocal",
"reciprocal"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A reciprocal relationship."
],
"links": [
[
"reciprocal",
"reciprocal"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A relation of mutual dependence or action or influence."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"A reciprocal construction involves two noun phrases where each of the participants occupies both the role of agent and patient with respect to the other. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocal pronoun."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"noun phrases",
"noun phrases"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A reciprocal construction involves two noun phrases where each of the participants occupies both the role of agent and patient with respect to the other. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocal pronoun."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:International law"
],
"glosses": [
"The mutual exchange of rights, privileges or obligations between nations. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocity (international relations)."
],
"links": [
[
"international law",
"international law"
],
[
"mutual",
"mutual"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"right",
"right"
],
[
"privilege",
"privilege"
],
[
"obligation",
"obligation"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
]
],
"qualifier": "international law",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international law) The mutual exchange of rights, privileges or obligations between nations. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocity (international relations)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Psychology"
],
"glosses": [
"The responses of individuals to the actions of others."
],
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"response",
"response"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
],
[
"action",
"action"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) The responses of individuals to the actions of others."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌrɛsəˈprɑsəti/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vzaimnost",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "взаимност"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocitat"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "duìděng",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "对等"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocita"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "wederkerigheid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "vastavuoroisuus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "réciprocité"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocidade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gegenseitigkeit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Reziprozität"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Umkehrbarkeit"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "amoivaiótita",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αμοιβαιότητα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hadadiut",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "הֲדָדִיּוּת"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "kesalingan"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "resiprositas"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "timbal balik"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "savitarpis"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "kesalingan"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "ketimbalbalikan"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjensidighet"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocitate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vzaímnostʹ",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "взаи́мность"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reciprocidad"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
"word": "rezip"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reciprocity"
],
"word": "reciprocity"
}
Download raw JSONL data for reciprocity meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.